Add support for Android as a target platform

[mhsmith]

I am now working on PEP 738, which proposes adding Android as a Tier 3 supported platform for Python 3.13. I'll use this page to track all the issues related to this work.

This was previously managed at #71052, but most of that issue's history is now irrelevant, so I'm opening a fresh one.

Android-related issues which were open before the PEP 738 work began:

• android: add platform.android_ver() #71042
• Add platform.android_ver() to test.pythoninfo for Android platforms #76391
• test_uuid: test_getnode and test_windll_getnode fail if connected to the Internet via an Android phone #75824
• UDPLITE tests fail on android #83032
• Odd handling of signal raised if an illegal syscall is attempted on Android #91028
• Cross Compile for Android and issues with PyExc_OSError #111225

Issues added during the PEP 738 work:

• grp module attempts to build even if getgrent family of functions are unavailable #114875
• test_walk_above_recursion_limit uses absolute limits #116057

PRs from the PEP 738 work which are not linked to one of these issues will be listed below.

FYI: @freakboy3742 @encukou

Linked PRs

• gh-71052: Add Android build script #115576
• gh-71052: Enable test_concurrent_futures on platforms that support threading but not multiprocessing #115917
• gh-71052: Add test exclusions to support running the test suite on Android #115918
• gh-71052: fix test_concurrent_futures wasi regression. #115923
• gh-71052: Fix several Android build issues #115955
• gh-71052: Change Android's sys.platform from "linux" to "android" #116215
• gh-71052: Implement ctypes.util.find_library on Android #116379
• gh-71052: Use raise_signal rather than kill in ThreadSignals.test_signals #116423
• gh-71052: Add Android build script and instructions #116426
• [3.11] gh-71052: Use raise_signal in ThreadSignals.test_signals (GH-116423) #116617
• [3.12] gh-71052: Use raise_signal in ThreadSignals.test_signals (GH-116423) #116618
• gh-116622: Enable test_doctest on platforms that don't support subprocesses #116758
• gh-116622: Test updates for Android #117299
• gh-116622: Add Android testbed #117878
• gh-116622: Redirect stdout and stderr to system log when embedded in an Android app #118063
• gh-116622: Android sysconfig updates #118352
• gh-116622: Add Android test script #121595
• gh-116622: Fix testPyObjectPrintOSError on Android #122487
• [3.13] gh-116622: Fix testPyObjectPrintOSError on Android (GH-122487) #122490
• gh-116622: Skip PosixPathTest.test_expanduser_pwd2 on platforms which don't support pwd.getpwall #122521
• gh-116622: Don't expose FICLONE ioctl on Android #122522
• [3.13] gh-116622: Skip PosixPathTest.test_expanduser_pwd2 on platforms which don't support pwd.getpwall (GH-122521) #122530
• [3.13] gh-116622: Don't expose FICLONE ioctl on Android (GH-122522) #122539
• gh-116622: Android logging fixes #122698
• [3.13] gh-116622: Android logging fixes (GH-122698) #122719
• gh-116622: Rename build variable MODULE_LDFLAGS back to LIBPYTHON #122764
• [3.13] gh-116622: Rename build variable MODULE_LDFLAGS back to LIBPYTHON (GH-122764) #122842
• [3.13] gh-116622: Add Android test script (GH-121595) #123061
• gh-116622: Switch test_stress_delivery_simultaneous from SIGUSR1 to SIGUSR2 #123981
• gh-116622: Kill Android Signal Catcher thread before running tests #123982
• [3.13] gh-116622: Switch test_stress_delivery_simultaneous from SIGUSR1 to SIGUSR2 (GH-123981) #123988
• gh-116622: Android test script improvements #124012
• gh-116622: Mock the passage of time in Android logcat rate limit tests #124015
• [3.13] gh-116622: Android test script improvements (GH-124012) #124034
• [3.13] gh-116622: Mock the passage of time in Android logcat rate limit tests (GH-124015) #124035
• gh-116622: Complete Android documentation #124259
• [3.13] gh-116622: Complete Android documentation (GH-124259) #124395
• gh-116622: Make test_unzip_zipfile recognize Android error message format #124462
• [3.13] gh-116622: Make test_unzip_zipfile recognize Android error message format (GH-124462) #124516