diff --git a/google/cloud/bigquery/job/base.py b/google/cloud/bigquery/job/base.py
index 6f9726181..f165fd036 100644
--- a/google/cloud/bigquery/job/base.py
+++ b/google/cloud/bigquery/job/base.py
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
     "notImplemented": http.client.NOT_IMPLEMENTED,
     "policyViolation": http.client.FORBIDDEN,
     "quotaExceeded": http.client.FORBIDDEN,
-    "rateLimitExceeded": http.client.FORBIDDEN,
+    "rateLimitExceeded": http.client.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS,
     "resourceInUse": http.client.BAD_REQUEST,
     "resourcesExceeded": http.client.BAD_REQUEST,
     "responseTooLarge": http.client.FORBIDDEN,
diff --git a/tests/unit/test_job_retry.py b/tests/unit/test_job_retry.py
index 298ab9a56..958986052 100644
--- a/tests/unit/test_job_retry.py
+++ b/tests/unit/test_job_retry.py
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ def api_request(method, path, query_params=None, data=None, **kw):
 
     orig_job_id = job.job_id
     job_retry = dict(job_retry=None) if job_retry_on_query == "Result" else {}
-    with pytest.raises(google.api_core.exceptions.Forbidden):
+    with pytest.raises(google.api_core.exceptions.TooManyRequests):
         job.result(**job_retry)
 
     assert job.job_id == orig_job_id